鼻息肉 (nasal polyps) 可造成不少鼻腔不適，例如鼻塞、容易流鼻血、打鼻鼾、嗅覺不靈、令鼻水混濁及帶有異味等，但倘若鼻息肉沒有得到適當處理，除可併發鼻竇炎 (rhinosinusitis)，鼻腔在長期發炎下，更會影響嗅覺，日後即使成功將息肉除去，患者的嗅覺也未必能夠得以恢復，而且它與鼻竇內翻性乳頭瘤 (inverted papilloma) 的外表類似，故為免卻延治及併發症的風險，應及早確診處理鼻息肉問題。
治療方法視乎病情而定，如果鼻息肉體積細小，可先透過類固醇鼻噴劑控制病情；倘若鼻息肉體積過大，令鼻液不能順利流出時，便可考慮以內窺鏡技術將息肉切除。手術會經鼻孔將內窺鏡放入，再進行切除，故手術不會於患者的面部表面留有傷痕，而手術現時也可用上迴旋刀減低對正常鼻黏膜造成的傷害。
但如果患者過往曾接受鼻息肉手術，鼻腔結構受到改變，為提高手術的精準度，可考慮透過電腦導航技術定位，以減低手術風險。不過，不論接受迴旋刀還是電腦導航技術切鼻息肉，患者於手術後建議在醫生指引下使用類固醇鼻噴劑，降低黏膜發炎及鼻息肉復發的機會。
Nasal polyposis is a common cause of nasal obstruction. It is commonly seen in chronic sinusitis patients, who may suffer from longstanding nasal congestion, decreased sense of smell, and sinus headache. It can be easily diagnosed with nasal endoscopy which shows whitish smooth painless mass blocking the natural sinus drainage pathways. Initial treatment is medical involving oral and topical steroid spray, and comprehensive allergy treatment. Refractory cases require polypectomy via functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). New techniques in sinus surgery include computer navigation system, microdebrider, balloon sinuplasty, and coblation. Patients with nasal polyposis are recommended to follow up with ENT physicians regularly to ensure control of disease.
Sources:
http://www.metrohk.com.hk/index.php
No comments:
Post a Comment